Architectures and spaces of care: recent contributions to the Spanish architectural culture of postmodernity led by women architects
Nowadays we observe how many of our cities and spaces in which we live are designed by and for a subject that represents an androcentric model focused on production. This practice has meant that aspects of architecture such as assistance and care have been underestimated. Faced with this neglect of issues considered by society as feminine, there are numerous feminist struggles that for decades have been demanding fairer and more inclusive spaces and cities, which address the tasks related to care and reproduction in architectural practice. In the Spanish architectural panorama, since the end of the twentieth century, it is possible to observe the emergence of a series of professional practices that, led by women architects, use the issue of femininity as a creative argument to approach the profession in a different way and open up to fields of work and debate in which they can develop their professional career. These are based on a critique of modern architectural positions, linked to an idealistic vision of society that takes as a reference a neutral gender far from any complexity and abstracts the differences between people to establish a paradigm shift from and with feminisms. In this sense, this article aims to present various professional practices led by Spanish women architects representative of the period 1978-2008 who, from architecture and urban planning, but also from other peripheral positions such as art or social action, have worked from the experiences of women, putting everyday life and care in the foreground. Its purpose is to determine some unique aspects of the contribution of women to the Spanish architectural culture of postmodernity. This study will allow us to observe how many of these contributions are materialized in a series of actions, attitudes and ways of working that glimpse the beginning of a change in the way of exercising the profession that moves away from the predominant canon to define new strategies and ways of approaching architectural practice more in line with the needs of women and non-normative subjects.
Keywords: architecture with a gender perspective, architectural culture, postmodernity, spaces of care, feminist practices, Spanish architecture, feminism, women architects