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Creating Accessible Learning: Slide Layouts
Why It Matters
Using an accessible slide layout ensures that:
- Assistive technology (e.g., screen readers) can interact properly with items on a PowerPoint slide
- ALL users have seamless and equal access to slide content in the best way possible
- Exported PowerPoint files (e.g., to PDF) retain accessible slide layouts in their new format
Slide Layout Basics: Start Here
The Selection Pane is an essential tool used to manage the accessibility of your PPT slide layouts. You can:
- See all items on a slide
- View and rearrange slide item reading order
- View each item's content type (e.g., title, text, image, etc.)
How to open the Selection Pane: Home tab → Editing tab → select Select drop-down arrow → Select Selection Pane.
Slide layout refers to slide content and organization. You choose a slide layout template whenever you add a new slide (Figure 1) or change the layout using the "Layout" drop-down option.
Screen reader software relies on slide layout for instructions on what to communicate to the user, so always use the Selection Pane (Figure 2) to adjust the following:
- Slide reading order, or the order the screen reader reads content to a user.
- An item's content type or tag, such as an image, title, text, etc., which the screen reader shares with the user. This is generated by the slide layout template.
Accessibility Guideline: Slide Reading Order
Slide reading order tells assistive technology the order to present slide content to users (WCAG 1.3.2, A). You can adjust reading order using the Selection Pane. The Selection Pane lists all slide items and their reading order in a linear manner, meant to be read in order from bottom to top.
Use the Selection Pane to set reading order and ensure that slide items are listed in the correct order that users should encounter them.
To rearrange slide items, click and drag the item within the Selection Pane. Remember, slide order in the Selection Pane goes from bottom to top.
To test the order in which someone using assistive technology would encounter slide items, click on a slide, then press the “tab” key on the keyboard. This will tab through the items using their set order, highlighting each item as you tab.
Accessibility Guideline: Slide Item Tags
PPT slides can be made up of text, images, tables, shapes, etc. For each item on a slide, PPT assigns it a semantic label, or a label that tells assistive technology what type of content it is and and what to tell the user about it. In HTML, these types of labels are commonly referred to as “tags.” It’s important to use the correct tags for items so that assistive technology communicates this information to users. (WCAG 1.3.1, A)
As seen in Figure 3, you can use the Selection Pane to view each slide item's tag.
There are several types of tags. The ones you may encounter most frequently include:
- Image or graphic tags (“Picture”)
- Titles or headings (“Title;” translates to Header 1 (or H1) when exported)
- Text boxes (e.g., “Text Placeholder,” “TextBox,” “Content Placeholder;” translates to “Paragraph” (or P) when exported)
Item tags are generated by PowerPoint. There are several ways to ensure you’re using the proper tags.
- Use an accessible PowerPoint template. Templates typically already include a variety of slide layouts to choose from that each contain correctly tagged items.
- Add additional slide items properly. Follow these options if you want to add an item to your slide that is not included in the template:
- Title. Copy and paste a Title box from another slide. This is the only way to get the Title tag. Avoid using a regular text box as a title box, as this will be interpreted by assistive technology as paragraph text.
- Text box. You have two options: 1.) Go to the “Insert” tab and click the “Text Box” option. 2.) Copy and paste a desired text box from another slide or a blank slide template.
- Image or other graphic. Ensure the image or graphic is saved to your computer. Go to the “Insert” tab and click the “Pictures” button. Locate the file, select it, and click “Insert” to place it on your slide.
- Check item tags in the Selection Pane. Items in the list will be labeled by their tag type automatically, although you are able to edit the label text. (Note: Editing the label text does not change the tag type).
- Use a unique Title-tagged box on every slide. This helps differentiate slides for those using screen readers.
Summary Checklist
Slide Layout Checklist
- Use accessible PowerPoint templates with pre-formatted slides.
- Check slide reading order using the Selection Pane, then test it using the “tab” key. Adjust the order as needed.
- Add additional slide items properly to avoid problems later.
- Check item tags using the Selection Pane.
- Use a unique Title-tagged box on every slide.