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Monograph and Serial Costs in ARL Libraries 1998-2018
In 20 years, libraries in the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) saw their expenditures on ongoing commitments (serials and databases) increase by 166%. During the same time period, the CPI increased 54%. (source)
Nisonger, T. E. (2008). The “80/20 Rule” and Core Journals. The Serials Librarian, 55(1–2), 62–84.
Research consistently finds that approximately 20% of the journals in a library's collection accrue 80% of the total usage. Although Big Deals significantly increase the number of journals to which libraries have access, they frequently include many titles that are only minimally used.